Hey,
Maybe this is a useful link for you:
http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=54828
It looks like it has something to do with the write permission for the temporary files (*.TMM). Or maybe these files are read-only or locked.
I suggest: find those .TMM files (wp_links.TMM and the taxonomy temp file) and manually delete or rename them and then try again.
Good luck!
Rolf