Not really. I haven't had the need to do that before. I know that it's possible through extending the attachment type, but I am not sure of exactly how that works yet. Hopefully someone else with a bit more experience in these things could help there?
As an idea of what I can think of, if it was me doing it I'd do it as one image per post, and then set up categories for things like events or dates etc, and set up tags for things like peoples names, places, etc. That way things are easily managed, sorted and searchable thorugh the tags.